5-4-10-2: ROADS:

   A.   Road Design Requirements: Roads, including collectors as designated by the City of Middleton, shall be designed incorporating the principles of balanced blocks, curvilinear layout, City approved access points, minimization of cul-de-sacs, and connectivity throughout the development and to adjacent properties.

   B.   Frontage Roads: Where a subdivision/development abuts or contains an existing or proposed arterial road, railroad or limited access highway, the City may require frontage roads, or such other treatment for the appropriate use of the lot.

   C.   Adjacent Streets:

      1.   The developer is responsible for improving all street frontages adjacent to the development site or internal to the development as required below, regardless of whether access is taken to all of the adjacent streets.

      2.   All utility relocation costs, including irrigation relocation costs, associated with improving street frontages adjacent to the site shall be borne by the developer.

      3.   Developer/Owner shall dedicate, without compensation, additional right-of-way to provide the right-of-way width required by City code and standards.

      4.   In a phased project, adjacent streets shall be improved and dedicated on a phase-by-phase basis up to phase three (3). Any adjacent street improvements for phases four (4) and above shall be constructed and dedicated no later than phase three (3) final plat approval unless otherwise approved by City Council. City Council may, at its discretion, require improvement and dedication of all adjacent streets by Phase one (1) final plat approval.

      5.   Required Improvements:

         a.   Adjacent Streets (Existing or New):

            (1)   Required improvements to an adjacent street shall consist of pavement widening to one-half the required width, including curb, gutter and sidewalk (minimum eight (8') foot detached or five (5') foot attached), plus twelve (12') feet of additional pavement widening beyond the centerline established for the street to provide an adequate roadway surface. City Council may approve an amount less than twelve (12) foot for pavement widening past centerline if the one-half road design does not require all of the twelve (12) foot pavement allotment to create an adequate roadway surface, but the roadway travel surface may not be less than 20ft of pavement. Pavement shall be crowned at the ultimate centerline. A three (3') foot wide gravel shoulder and a borrow ditch sized to accommodate the roadway storm runoff shall be constructed on the unimproved side. The shoulder and borrow on the unimproved side may be eliminated if ownership or site conditions prevent or unreasonably impede construction of the same.

            (2)   Minor improvements to existing streets adjacent to a proposed development project may be required. These improvements are to correct deficiencies or replace deteriorated facilities. Included are sidewalk construction or replacement; curb and gutter construction or replacement; replacement of unused driveways with curb, gutter and sidewalk; installation or reconstruction of pedestrian ramps; pavement repairs; signs; traffic control devices; and other similar items.

         b.   Off-Site Streets: If the proposed development is not served by a public street that is fully improved to City standards (curb, gutter, sidewalk) or with a minimum of thirty (30) feet of pavement, then prior to final plat of phase one (1), the developer shall provide thirty (30) feet of pavement with three (3) foot gravel shoulders from the site to a public street specified by the City; or the developer shall provide twenty four (24) feet of pavement with three (3) foot gravel shoulders and a minimum six (6) foot wide detached asphalt/concrete paved pedestrian facility, from the site to a public street specified by the City.

   D.   Rights-Of-Way Width:

      1.   Road right-of-way width is to be measured from property line to property line (total road right-of-way) and property line to centerline (half road right-of-way). The minimum rights-of-way for the following roads shall be:

Additional right-of-way may be required, especially at intersections or waterway crossings, as determined by the City.

      2.   All other roads in the City are considered local roads and shall have a half road width of twenty five feet (25') and a total right-of-way width of fifty feet (50') or as determined by the City, provided that a ten foot (10') permanent utility easement is given along each side of the right-of-way line. Roads with fifty foot (50') rights-of-way shall have a right-of-way allowance for a minimum of twenty foot (20') curb radii and pedestrian ramps at the intersections.

   E.   Cul-De-Sac Roads: Cul-de-sac roads shall terminate in a circular turnaround with a right-of-way radius of at least fifty feet (50'). The City may approve an equally convenient form of turning space where extreme conditions justify. The maximum length shall be six hundred feet (600') from the entrance to the center of a turnaround.

   F.   Dead End Roads: Dead end roads will not be approved except in locations designated by the City as necessary to future extensions in development of adjacent lands. In any case, a dead end road serving more than four (4) lots shall provide by easement a temporary turning circle with a fifty foot (50') radius or other acceptable design to accomplish adequate access. Turnaround to be improved with an all weather surface meeting the requirements of the International Fire Code.

   G.   Loop Roads: Loop roads shall be limited to a maximum length of three thousand two hundred feet (3,200') measured along the centerline of the road from the centerline intersection to centerline intersection.

   H.   Road Intersections And Alignments:

      1.   Roads shall be planned to intersect as nearly as possible at right angles, but in no event at less than seventy degrees (70°).

      2.   Where any road deflects at an angle of ten degrees (10°) or more, a connecting curve shall be required having a minimum centerline radius of three hundred feet (300') for arterial and collector roads and ninety feet (90') for local roads. City may approve, on a case-by-case basis, a smaller turning radius if a knuckle or other mitigating feature is designed into the curve.

      3.   Minimum spacing between centerline of roads on the same side of a roadway shall be two hundred fifty feet (250'). Minimum spacing between centerline of roads on the opposite side of a roadway shall be one hundred twenty five feet (125').

      4.   A tangent at least one hundred fifty feet to two hundred feet (150' - 200') long shall be provided between reverse curves on arterial and collector roads.

      5.   Road intersections with more than four (4) legs and Y-type intersections where legs meet at acute angles shall be avoided.

      6.   Access for any use along section and quarter section line roads shall be limited by the City to maximize traffic efficiency and may be limited to one access per one thousand three hundred twenty feet (1,320').

   I.   Road Grades And Widths: Road grades shall not exceed six percent (6%) nor less than four-tenths of one percent (0.4%) on local and collector roads. The grades for all other roads shall be as approved based on individual conditions and safe engineering practices. Minimum road width for a local road shall be thirty eight feet (38'), back to back of curbs. All other road width shall be determined by traffic use and volume.

   J.   Road Names: The naming of roads shall conform to the following:

      1.   Road names shall not duplicate any existing road name except where a new road is a continuation of an existing road; road names that may be spelled differently but sound the same as existing roads are prohibited.

      2.   All new roads shall be named as follows: roads having a predominantly north-south direction shall be avenues; roads having a predominantly east-west direction shall be streets; cul-de-sacs generally running east-west shall be courts; and cul-de-sacs generally running north-south shall be places. Major roadways that meander in a commercial or industrial subdivision shall be boulevards. Major roadways that meander in a residential subdivision shall be parkways. Short streets that start and stop on the same street shall end in Loop. Roads that meander in a general north/south direction shall be ways. Roads that meander in a general east/west direction shall be drives.

      3.   Road-name direction references shall be based on the historic center of town: Hawthorne Ave. intersection with Main Street (aka State Highway 44):

         a.   Streets continuous on both sides of Hawthorne Ave. shall have a “W” prefix for the portion west of Hawthorne Ave. and an “E” prefix for the portion east side of Hawthorne Ave.; and

         b.   Avenues continuous on both sides of Main Street shall have a “N” prefix if on the north side of Main Street and a “S” prefix if on the south side of Main Street.

   K.   Maximum Traffic On One Access For Local Or Collector Roads: Where a proposed development has only one access to a public road, or where it proposes to extend public roads from existing development with only one local or collector road access to the public road system, the equivalent dwelling units to be allowed on the local road access is fifty (50).

   L.   Location Of Irrigation Lines: All irrigation and drainage structures and lines, except piping for stormwater management shall be located and/or relocated out of the road right-of-way.

(Ord. 588, 3-1-2017; amd. Ord. 600, 12-20-2017; Ord. 609, 7-3-2018; Ord. 620, - -2019; Ord. 624, 9- -2019; Ord. 659, 1-19-2022; Ord. 673, 1-4-2023; Ord. 715, 3-18-2026)